Study deep dives
Landmark studies, in depth
The peptide profiles summarise each compound's evidence base in a paragraph or two. These deep dives unpack the most-cited individual studies and clinical-trial programmes in detail — what they measured, what they showed, and where the methodological limits sit.
The Semax stroke-rehabilitation trial programme — what the Russian post-stroke evidence actually shows
The strongest single-peptide clinical evidence base in the cognitive-peptide field is the body of Russian post-stroke rehabilitation work with Semax. This article unpacks what the trials actually measured, what they showed, and what the methodological limits are.
Read the breakdownThe Dihexa spinogenesis breakthrough — what the picomolar dendritic-spine data actually shows
The Joseph Harding group's Dihexa research demonstrated dendritic spine formation at picomolar concentrations — orders of magnitude beyond BDNF on the same assay. This article explains what was measured, why the result matters, and why the compound nonetheless remains preclinical.
Read the breakdownSelank vs benzodiazepines — what the comparative anxiolytic trials show
Selank's most-cited clinical evidence is its head-to-head comparison with benzodiazepine anxiolytics in generalised anxiety populations. This article unpacks what the trials measured, how Selank performed relative to the benzodiazepine standard, and what differential side-effect profile emerged.
Read the breakdownThe Cerebrolysin vascular-dementia evidence — what the systematic reviews actually find
Cerebrolysin has the largest randomised-trial body of any cognitive peptide. This article walks through the vascular-dementia meta-analytic record, what the pooled effect sizes show, and why the compound remains unlicensed in the UK despite the evidence base.
Read the breakdownNoopept in mild cognitive impairment — what the Russian clinical-trial record shows
Noopept's clinical-trial body in mild cognitive impairment is the principal clinical evidence supporting the compound's 2011 Russian regulatory approval. This article walks through what the trials measured, what they showed, and how the evidence compares with other cognitive-peptide records.
Read the breakdownThe Epitalon 10-year Khavinson mortality trial — what the long-term human follow-up actually shows
The strongest long-term human data on any of the Khavinson bioregulator peptides is the extended Epitalon follow-up run by Vladimir Khavinson's group from the early 1990s. This article unpacks what the study measured, what it showed, and how to weigh the results against modern trial standards.
Read the breakdownThe Cortexin paediatric neurology evidence base — what the Russian licensed-indication trials actually show
Cortexin has substantial Russian paediatric neurological licensed-use evidence covering perinatal CNS injury, developmental delay, and ADHD-adjacent indications. This article unpacks what the paediatric evidence base actually contains and how it should be interpreted from a Western clinical standpoint.
Read the breakdownThe FGL peptide Alzheimer's disease Phase II trial — what the ENCAM Ph2 evidence actually shows
FGL peptide is the NCAM-derived research compound that reached Phase II clinical trial in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease. This article unpacks the Phase II design, results, and post-trial development trajectory.
Read the breakdownThe GHK-Cu gene-expression research programme — what the transcriptomic evidence actually shows
GHK-Cu (glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-copper) is the endogenous copper-binding tripeptide with distinctive gene-expression-modulating properties characterised by Loren Pickart's research group and independent transcriptomic-analysis groups. This article unpacks the gene-expression evidence base and its cognitive-relevance research implications.
Read the breakdownThe Cerebrolysin Cochrane meta-analysis programme — what the systematic-review evidence actually shows
Cerebrolysin has been the subject of Cochrane systematic-review analyses across multiple indications including vascular dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and acute stroke. This article unpacks what the Cochrane analyses actually concluded and how they should be weighed alongside the underlying primary trials.
Read the breakdownThe Pinealon preclinical cognition research programme — what the animal cognitive-endpoint evidence actually shows
Pinealon is a Khavinson tripeptide bioregulator (Glu-Asp-Arg) with cognitive-endpoint animal research from the St Petersburg group. This article unpacks the preclinical cognition evidence base for Pinealon specifically.
Read the breakdownThe BPC-157 gut and wound-healing research programme — what the Sikiric-lab evidence actually shows
BPC-157 (Body Protection Compound 157) is a pentadecapeptide fragment characterised principally by Predrag Sikiric's Zagreb research group across a wide range of tissue-repair contexts. This article unpacks the gut and wound-healing evidence base and how to weigh the extended research programme.
Read the breakdownThe Semaglutide brain and cognitive-endpoint research programme — what the GLP-1 CNS evidence actually shows
Semaglutide is the licensed GLP-1 receptor agonist with growing brain and cognitive-endpoint research context including the FLOW trial and the EVOKE Alzheimer's disease Phase III programme. This article unpacks the current cognitive-relevance evidence for semaglutide.
Read the breakdownThe DDAVP memory research programme — what the vasopressin-derivative cognitive evidence actually shows
DDAVP (desmopressin) is the licensed V2-selective vasopressin analogue with distinctive classical memory-research applications. This article unpacks what the memory-research programme showed and why cognitive-endpoint applications did not progress to licensed indication.
Read the breakdownThe DSIP sleep-architecture human trial evidence — what the classical delta-sleep research actually shows
DSIP (delta sleep-inducing peptide) has classical human sleep-architecture research from the Monnier laboratory and subsequent international groups. This article unpacks what the classical DSIP sleep-research programme measured, what it showed, and how to interpret the mixed replicability record.
Read the breakdownThe Tesamorelin HIV lipodystrophy trial programme cognitive substudies — what the GHRH-agonist cognitive evidence actually shows
Tesamorelin is the licensed GHRH analogue approved for HIV-associated lipodystrophy that has attracted growing cognitive-endpoint research interest. This article unpacks the cognitive substudies within the licensed-indication trial programme.
Read the breakdown